Lung Cancer In The Last Stages

Claiming an estimated 160,000 deaths in 2008, lung cancer is the top killing form of the disease. As it progresses through the body, lung cancer eradicates a person's ability to breathe, especially during the final stages of development.

Lung Cancer and Smoking

The number one risk factor attributed to lung cancer is smoking. 85% of diagnosed patients are smokers. This is because cigarettes contain over forty carcinogens that are known to be cancer-causing. As a smoker inhales, the carcinogens alter the lung cells' DNA, allowing it the possibility of growing into a cancerous tumor. When cancer cells enter the blood stream and into the lung, they begin to eat away at the lung's tissue, destroying the respiratory system piece by piece.

Early and Mid Stage

In the early stages of non-small cell lung cancer, a tumor develops somewhere in the lung and the surrounding tissues. If caught early enough, the tumor can be surgically removed. However, lung cancer patients are often diagnosed at mid-stage development, when the tumor has grown to a considerable size and has spread its cancerous cells to nearby lymph nodes. In some cases, the multiple tumors have developed across both lungs. Small cell lung cancer progresses so rapidly that it is often diagnosed as either in limited or advanced stages.

Late Stage Diagnosis

Late stage (or stage 4) non-small cell lung cancer is diagnosed when the cancer has begun to infect lymph nodes beyond those in the lungs as well as other surrounding organs. The heart, liver, throat and brain become subject to this cancer spread, causing an array of health problems. This diagnosis can be obtained through X-rays, blood tests and biopsies of the lung and other organs, dependent on the presenting symptoms.

Symptoms

Extreme fatigue, dry mouth and pneumonia are all symptoms of late stage lung cancer. If the tumor has settled in the chest wall on top of a major vein, the backed-up blood can cause major swelling in the chest, neck and face. Dizziness, memory loss and even hallucinations can occur if the lung cancer has metastasized in to the brain. At the final stages, patients are not expected to live very long. According to the Cancer Help website, only 2 percent of people with stage 4 lung cancer survive beyond five years.

Treatment

At the final stages, treatment is mostly done through chemotherapy, which is the use of chemicals to destroy cancer cells. Patients are injected or orally receive chemicals such as docetaxel or gemcitabine or a combination of drugs. Surgery is performed only to alleviate any symptoms. Since late stage lung cancer is considered terminal, hospice care is also given to patients.

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Home Remedies To Treat Razor Burn

Male or female, almost everyone has experienced the pain of razor burn. Not only is the redness uncomfortable, but it's often also unsightly. There are a number of home remedies that may be helpful is alleviating the pain of razor burn and even may help to prevent razor burn in the future.

Hot Compress

Apply a hot compress before shaving. Softening the skin will not only help to eliminate razor burn completely, but will make it less painful if it does occur.

Apple Cider Vinegar

While it might sound strange, many people sing the praises of using a compress of apple cider vinegar on the affected area. At first application, the vinegar will sting, but that initial pain will fade quickly and lessen the duration of the razor burn.

Aspirin

A simple paste can be made from several aspirin and water. Mash the aspirin, then mix with enough water to create a thick paste. Apply to the area and once the pain of the razor burn has diminished, usually in moments, wash with lukewarm water.

Cosmetic and Beauty Products

Application of colognes, perfumes, aftershaves or powders can irritate razor burn. Leave off using the harsh chemicals that might only irritate already injured skin.

Aloe

Aloe plants are hardy houseplants and they can also be useful for combating not only razor burns, but burns of other kinds as well. Break off a leaf of the aloe plant and apply the liquid inside to the burn for almost instant relief.

Hydrocortisone

Many people have hydrocortisone in their medicine cabinets. It is usually used as an anti-itch creme, but can also be applied to razor burn to alleviate that pain.

Potatos

The kitchen can hold a valuable tool when it comes to alleviate pain and itch of razor burn--the potato. Cut a slice of the potato and hold it to the afflicted area for immediate, cooling relief.

Tags: razor burn, pain razor, pain razor burn

Cushing'S Disease Signs

Cushing's disease is a condition caused by abnormally high levels of the hormone cortisol circulating throughout the bloodstream. It can be caused by taking too many corticosteroids or by a tumor that secretes cortisol or other hormones which cause cortisol to be made. Because Cushing's disease alters hormone levels, it has a myriad of symptoms.

Changes in Weight

Often the first symptom observed in Cushing's disease is sudden weight gain. It typically affects the trunk the most.

Other Weight Gain Features

People with Cushing's disease often develop a small pad at the back of the neck along the collar bone, known as a buffalo hump. They may also develop a roundish face, which is known as moon face.

Bruising

Cushing's disease often leads to capillary dilation as well as the skin becoming thinner. This causes bruising.

Other Hormonal Issues

The effects of Cushing's disease can cause excessive urination, high blood pressure and resistance to insulin (leading to diabetes).

Psychological Effects

The hormonal imbalance caused by Cushing's disease can lead to certain psychological disorders, such as depression and anxiety.

Tags: Cushing disease, Cushing disease often, disease often

Osteoporosis Exercises

Osteoporosis is an avoidable disease leading to the loss of bone strength. You can do simple exercises to strengthen your back and neck. You can also go bike riding, hiking, swimming, lift small weights and dance, which will help slow bone loss.

Standing Tall

If you are a woman approaching your menopausal years, you want to think about osteoporosis and have a plan ready to protect your bone health. (This disease can happen to men as well as women, so men should also begin an exercise program.) Osteoporosis is the loss of bone density, which leads to weak, porous bones and the risk of fractures.

Beginning a program of exercise is one effective way you have of maintaining your bone density and strength. These exercises don't have to be complex or use expensive equipment. The only requirement is that the exercise must be weight-bearing.

One exercise to help strengthen your back muscles and spine, as well as improve your posture, is the "standing tall" exercise. Stand with your head, shoulders and buttocks pressing against a wall and your feet 2 to 3 inches away from the wall. Tighten your abdomen and buttocks as you pull your chin in, then press your back against the wall. You should leave a small space in between the wall and the curve of your lower back.

Walking Posture

You should begin an exercise routine that includes walking, which is a weight-bearing exercise. When you walk, hold your head high, keep your neck and back as straight as you can and tighten your abdominal muscles. As you are walking, let your shoulders and arms move naturally.

Wall Arch

This exercise stretches your shoulders and calves as it tones your abdomen and back. Stand facing a wall with your arms down by your sides and your feet 6 inches apart. You should be 6 inches away from the wall. Inhale, tighten your abdominal muscles and stretch your arms up and touch the wall. Exhale and move both arms back to your beginning position. Inhale again, reach up with your right hand to touch the wall and stretch your left hand down. Switch your arms. Do the same movement with your left arm going up and your right arm stretching down. Repeat this five times.

Chin Tuck

This exercise helps you stretch your neck and practice the correct positions for your shoulders and head. Sit down and look straight ahead. Pull your chin toward your neck. Keep looking forward and don't look down or bend your head forward. Push your hands down on the tops of your legs (thighs) to straighten your back. Hold this pose for a few seconds until you feel a stretch in your neck. Repeat five times.

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Use A Kaga Moonstone

The Kaga Moonstone is a miscellaneous item in Adventure Quest. Its only purpose is to help players gain money by selling it at later intervals for a bigger profit. The cost of the Kaga Moonstone rises and falls every year, and selling it to shops when it is priced higher yields more gold. Many players become rich by purchasing a Kaga Moonstone when it is cheap and selling it when it is expensive.

Instructions

1. Purchase a Kaga Moonstone. Go to Robina's Ranged Weapon Shop and purchase a Kaga Moonstone for 5,000 gold. Place it in your inventory; it does not contain any benefits that improve your stats, so do not equip it.

2. Visit an Adventure Quest gem tracker and check for increases in its price. Visit a gem tracking website (see Resources) and check if it shows increases in the moonstone's price. An increase will be indicated by an up arrow, along with its new price by the arrow. Any increase more than 5,000 is acceptable, but anything more than 10,000 is a good increase in price.

3. Check for a constant increase in price. The Kaga Moonstone may only increase in price for a day and drop; if you sell it when it temporarily increases, you may miss out on selling it for a greater value when it constantly increases. The Kaga Moonstone increases in value up to 200,000 gold when it continually increases, but temporary increases may not even break 10,000.

4. Once the gem tracker indicates it is priced over 10,000 gold and is constantly increasing, sell it. Return to Robina's Weapon Shop, locate the Kaga Moonstone in your inventory, and sell it. You will receive 90 percent of its profit, according to Adventure Quest's website.

5. Repeat the process. Purchase another Kaga Moonstone at 5,000 gold at Robina's Ranged Weapon Shop, wait for the prices to increase again, and when trends show it is continually increasing in price, sell it.

Tags: Kaga Moonstone, Adventure Quest, increase price, Weapon Shop, Kaga Moonstone gold, Moonstone gold, more than

Fix A Runny Nose

A runny nose often occurs because of allergies or the common cold. A runny nose can often make breathing and talking difficult, causing discomfort and frustration. Regardless of its cause, you can take steps to fix your runny nose. Some remedies for a runny nose involve medication, while others involve a holistic approach. With gentle care, you should be able to effectively fix your runny nose.

Instructions

1. Take cold medication. If your runny nose is due to a cold, cold medication will help to dry up your mucus, thereby fixing your runny nose. Follow your specific cold medication's instructions regarding frequency of dosage. You can find cold medications available over the counter at most drug stores.

2. Try allergy medications. If your runny nose is due to allergies, choose a medication that contains anti-histamines that counteract allergy symptoms. Most allergy medications are available over the counter at drug stores and pharmacies.

3. Place a humidifier in your bedroom. Humidifiers moisten the air, helping to thin mucus and drain your runny nose. Since dry air worsens a runny nose, humidifiers make for effective treatments.

4. Use nasal spray. Runny noses are accompanied by swollen nasal tissue. Since nasal sprays decrease this swelling, you'll experience an improvement in your runny nose. Do not use nasal sprays for longer than a few days. If used for longer, nasal sprays can irritate your nasal tissue and worsen your runny nose.

5. Chew ginger root. As you chew, the root will release juices that you should then swallow. Ginger root helps to reduce mucus and encourage circulation. Repeat this treatment three to five times daily to fix your runny nose.

Tags: runny nose, your runny, your runny nose, runny nose, cold medication, nasal sprays, allergy medications

The Oil Of Eucalyptus As A Bug Repellent

Oil of lemon eucalyptus repels mosquitoes.

Oil of lemon eucalyptus, a tree native to warm parts of Northeastern Australia, works well to repel insects, including mosquitoes. This natural repellent is popular with people who are concerned about the potential toxic effects of DEET and other chemical repellents.

Effectiveness

According to the University of New Hampshire, lemon eucalyptus oil is as effective as low concentrations of DEET, the most popular chemical repellent. However, this oil's ability to repel insects decreases rapidly, requiring frequent reapplication.

Safety

Lemon eucalyptus oil is safe when applied directly to the skin or clothes, though some sensitive people may develop a rash or other reaction. Apply this oil in a small area first to make sure you won't react to the oil. The Centers for Disease Control recommends against using lemon eucalyptus oil on children younger than 3.

Considerations

Natural eucalyptus oils may not be as effective as the chemically synthesized version, called PMD. Oils from natural sources often vary in their ability to repel insects. The University of Nebraska-Lincoln notes that natural eucalyptus oil has not been tested for safety. Most lemon eucalyptus oil insect repellents actually contain the synthetic oil.

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Cures For Intestinal Worms

Though deworming medicines and solutions help in curing the intestines of parasitic worms, a more lasting and healing cure comes from natural modes of treatment. Relief from vomiting, dark circles, anemia, constipation, weight loss, diarrhea due to intestinal worms can be brought under control with ingredients found in almost in any kitchen.

Coconut

Coconut is one of the oldest known remedies for fighting and removing intestinal parasites. Grind some coconut, and take one tablespoon full of it with breakfast. Follow this with not more than 60 ml and not less than 30 ml of castor oil mixed with some tepid water, three hours post breakfast. This remedy should be continued till about a fortnight after the symptoms of worm infection have subsided.

Garlic

Garlic, in both fresh and oil forms, can expel worms.

Try the old method of placing a fresh garlic clove in each of your shoes. Walking with your shoes on will crush the cloves, releasing garlic oil. This oil has very high penetrating power. It seeps through the skin of your feet and travels upwards through the blood stream to your intestine where it kills the worms.

For people who do not mind chewing raw garlic, chewing a few cloves in the morning will help too.

Carrots

Carrots are known to expel threadworms. Eating a small cup of grated carrots for breakfast, and on an empty stomach, is reported to expel these worms quickly.

Papaya

Unripe papaya contains the digestive enzyme papain in its white juice. This is known to be a strong fighter against roundworms. A mixture of a tablespoon of fresh unripe papaya juice and honey in hot water, followed a couple of hours later by a castor oil and tepid milk mixture, reportedly eradicates roundworms within days. The dosage of this remedy needs to be regulated according to the age of the patient.

The caricin in papaya seeds and carpaine in papaya leaves are also effective in removing intestinal roundworms. Powder the seeds and take one teaspoon full of the same with one cup of milk or water every morning before breakfast, or take a mixture of dry papaya leaves and boiling water with honey for curing intestinal worms.

Pomegranate

The alkaloid punicine present, in the bark of the stem and root of the pomegranate tree, can kill parasitic worms in the intestines. A cool mixture of the fresh bark, taken three times with one hour gaps along with purgatives, is helpful in eradicating worms.

Pumpkin

Ripe pumpkin seeds help to expel intestinal worms. Take a mixture of a tablespoon of peeled and crushed seeds and boiling water.

For better results, do not eat anything for one day, and clear the intestines by drinking the juice of boiled dry prunes. On the next day, complete the therapy with three or four glasses of the pumpkin seed and boiling water concoction.

General Diet

Having plenty of fresh fruits and raw vegetables, along with avoiding fatty food substances like oils, certain meats and dairy products, can help to alleviate the symptoms of intestinal worm infections.

Tags: boiling water, intestinal worms, along with, mixture tablespoon, papaya leaves

Report Elderly Abuse

Most elderly people these days are very healthy, lead active lives, and do not need any special attention. Those who are ill or injured, however, can become vulnerable to abuse and neglect by care providers and family members. We have an obligation to care for one another, and to be concerned when we see mail piling up on the steps, vermin crawling over the walls of a home, or hear cries and moans in the depth of the night.

Instructions

1. Call or visit elderly neighbors and family members. Strong social ties are crucial for fragile or at risk elders. If you notice signs of abuse or neglect, take note of the date, time, and people involved in the situation. For example, you stop by your neighbor's home and see that she has a bruise on her arm. She acts ashamed when asked how it happened. Her daughter comes into the room and you notice that your neighbor shrinks as she approaches. When her daughter leaves the room, your neighbor seems more relaxed. When you get home, write down on your calendar, "Unexplained bruise on right forearm, the size of a quarter. Mary shies away from her daughter when she enters the room." Then you add the date and time of your observation.

2. Once you have gathered two or more reports of the same type of injury, it is time to make your report. Call your local Adult Protective Services and give them all the information you have collected. In the meantime, keep observing for any signs of further abuse or neglect. If you see signs that an elderly person has been assaulted, is suffering gross neglect, or is in immediate danger of further harm, call the police immediately.

3. If you suspect nursing home abuse or neglect, call the Long Term Care Ombudsman in your state.

4. Educate others on recognize abuse and neglect. Support local agencies which provide services to fragile and at risk elders, such as the Area Agency on Aging. Volunteer or assist in a fundraiser to raise awareness of domestic violence and elder abuse issues in your community.

5. Call, email or write to local, state and federal officials in support of legislation and funding to prevent abuse and neglect.

Tags: abuse neglect, your neighbor, date time, family members, fragile risk

Lead Paint Poisoning Symptoms

Lead paint poisoning is very dangerous, especially for children who are most at risk. Lead paint most often comes form peeling lead-based paint, lead dust and residential soil that has been contaminated with lead paint and lead dust. Even though lead paint, the main cause of lead dust and residue, is no longer used, if you live in an older home or work in an old building, you and your children are most at risk for lead paint poisoning.

History

Lead poisoning was first recognized around 200 B.C. when Nicander of Colophon wrote about lead-induced anemia and colic. The disease gout was often diagnosed in the affluent in Rome, which could have resulted from lead cups and bowls. Lead was also used to make makeup and sugar products during this time.

Significance

It is important to know recognize signs of lead poisoning to get proper care for the affected persons.

Symptoms

Lead poisoning symptoms can mimic symptoms from other illnesses, but awareness of all of the symptoms will help you to recognize the disease. They include stomach upset ranging from nausea to stomach pain to constipation, diarrhea, vomiting, loss of appetite and weight loss; changes in the mouth such as a bluish line along the gums (most common in adults) and a metallic taste in the mouth; and behavioral changes such as irritability, lethargy, hyperactivity and an inability to sleep.

Lead poisoning can cause pain in the body including chest pains and headaches. Extreme lead paint poisoning can result in seizures, coma and even death. It is important to be aware of possible early symptoms and not allow it to get this far.

Identification

If experience a combination of the above symptoms and if you or anyone close to you has been exposed to lead dust or peeling paint from an old home or building (1970s or older), then there is a distinct possibility that you could have lead poisoning.

Prevention/Solution

If you do live in a home that could cause lead poisoning, there are steps you can take to keep yourself and your children healthy. You can wash children's toys often to keep them from ingesting lead dust. You can mop floors and windowsills with a damp cloth regularly. You can repair any peeling paint. You can also eat high-calcium foods to protect your body from lead. If you have questions about lead and prevention, you can contact the Environmental Protection Agency.

Tags: lead dust, lead paint, Lead poisoning, cause lead, children most, children most risk, could have

Herbal Treatment For Multiinfarct Dementia

Multi-infarct dementia, or vascular dementia, is marked by impaired cognitive function due to blocked or narrowed blood vessels serving the brain. Certain herbal therapies might improve symptoms, but you should not use alternative treatments without talking to your doctor. The UK Alzheimer's Society lists some treatments that might be useful based on clinical research.

Considerations for Treatment

Currently, no cure exists for vascular dementia or any other form of dementia. Vascular dementia symptoms vary depending on what part of the brain has been impacted. The best herbal treatments can be chosen by working with a health care provider experienced in treating this condition with alternative medicine.

Nature of Research

The UK Alzheimer's Society notes little high-quality research exists on using herbal therapies for vascular and other forms of dementia. Some treatments have shown promise, but require more research to draw any definitive conclusions.

Silymarin

The herb silymarin, which helps the liver break down toxic substances more efficiently, might reduce liver problems associated with Tacrine, a common treatment for dementia. A study cited by the UK Alzheimer's Society found patients who took 420 mg a day had less incidences of liver toxicity and tolerated the drug better.

Asian Medicine

The Japanese herbal preparation Choto-san and the traditional Chinese medicine preparation Yizhi both provided good results in studies on vascular dementia patients that were cited by the UK Alzheimer's Society. The Society notes that Yizhi studies were of poor quality, but results indicate further research might be beneficial.

Herbal Oils and Massage

Several studies cited by the Society reported that a combination of massage and aromatherapy with certain essential oils like lemon balm and lavender produced positive benefits, including relaxation and reduced wandering.

Tags: Alzheimer Society, cited Alzheimer, cited Alzheimer Society, herbal therapies, Society notes, vascular dementia

Tell If A Dental Crown Is Too Tall

If your tooth feels to tall, then it probably is.

You've just finished having a new crown or filling placed by your dentist. Your mouth, cheeks and lips are completely numb. Finally, when the numbness wears off; you take your first bite of food and notice the bite feels strange. Chances are good that you have a high spot on your new restoration. If a high spot is left untreated, it may causing bruising to the periodontal ligament that surrounds the root of your tooth, This can quickly turn into a toothache. Simple steps can be taken to determine if your tooth is hitting high.

Instructions

1. Break off a thin strip of double-sided carbon paper. Using your fingers, gently cover both sides of the paper with a thin layer of petroleum jelly.

2. Rinse your mouth thoroughly. Dry the biting surface of the tooth and all adjacent teeth with the tip of a cotton swab. Make sure the opposing tooth is also dry.

3. Place the carbon paper directly onto the tooth. Bite gently in an up and down motion. Slowly grind your teeth back and forth. Remove the carbon paper.

4. Examine the tooth. Locate any areas where the carbon markings seem to appear heavier than those surrounding it. Heavier markings indicate that that portion of the tooth is taking the brunt of the biting force. Call your dentist and schedule an appointment to have a quick adjustment done.

Tags: carbon paper, your tooth, high spot, your dentist

Magnesium & Seizures

A magnesium deficiency can cause seizures, muscle spasms and cramps.

Seizures are usually a response to biochemical imbalances that have powerful effects upon the central nervous system. An individual prone to seizures may have an excitable nature in that the fight-or-flight mechanism is extremely sensitive and active. The fight-or-flight response is an adrenalin-fueled reaction to situations that entail extreme anxiety. This causes the excessive removal of calcium, magnesium and zinc through urination. As a result, the individual becomes deficient in these minerals at the tissue level.

Causes

There are two kinds of seizures: grand mal and petit mal. The cause is an electrical discharge within the brain that quickly spreads out of control throughout the central nervous system like a wildfire. They differ in the degree of electrical charge and in severity of symptoms. A person experiencing a petit mal seizure usually notices a numbness or mild paralysis in some part of the body lasting only a few seconds or minutes. The more severe grand mal seizure involves spasmodic jerking of the limbs, uncontrolled bowel and bladder elimination and loss of consciousness; following this is extensive exhaustion, often lasting several hours. Specific nutrient deficiencies of zinc, selenium, calcium and magnesium cause this condition. Researchers have observed that epileptics also suffer from magnesium deficiency in the blood.

Eclampsia Seizures

A leading cause of mortality in pregnant females in both Third World and industrialized nations is eclampsia. The condition involves one or more seizures during the pregnancy, delivery or up to 10 days during the postpartum period. Physicians prefer magnesium sulfate to treat this condition. Magnesium sulfate has never been considered an anticonvulsant agent, but is effective in preventing recurrent seizures. Side effects include hot flashes and flushing, headaches, nausea, blurred vision, lethargy, hypothermia, urinary retention and constipation. The greatest concern with magnesium sulfate is an accidental overdose, which brings a danger of cardiopulmonary arrest and death.

Functions

Magnesium is required in more than 300 biochemical and enzymatic reactions that take place daily in the body. This element is needed to maintain normal muscle and nerve functions and also works to support a healthy immune system, heart rhythm and strong bones. It functions in the regulation of blood sugar levels and blood pressure as well as energy metabolism and protein synthesis. In addition, it is important in the prevention of hypertension, diabetes and cardiovascular disease.

When symptoms of magnesium depletion appear, especially in children, the first step is to eliminate milk from the diet. The calcium atoms tend to tie up the magnesium.

The pituitary gland is sometimes called the "master gland" because it appears to regulate the functions of all the other glands. If there is a lack of magnesium, or if the pituitary is not functioning correctly, the body will suffer the symptoms of magnesium deficiency.

Depletion

Symptoms of magnesium depletion include anxiety, spasms, muscle cramps, fatigue, headaches, irritability, low energy and sleep disorders. Research data has shown that epilepsy patients have a magnesium deficiency. Some physicians prescribe magnesium gluconate, finding it successfully reduces and, in some cases, stops seizures when anti-convulsant drugs had little effect. Magnesium gluconate is a form of magnesium which the system easily absorbs. Most patients tolerate this medication safely without complaint. The only side effect is drowsiness in some patients.

Deficiency Seizures

Adults have about 27 grams of magnesium; about 60 percent is bound into the skeleton. At least 25 percent is located in muscle tissue and most of the remaining magnesium functions in cellular metabolism. In relation to seizures, magnesium is an important control because it not only regulates nerve and muscle relaxation, but acts as a chemical gatekeeper. The presence of magnesium atoms keeps calcium atoms from flooding into nerve cells and overstimulating them. In this way, magnesium keeps the nerves relaxed. Otherwise, the nerves become excessively active and stimulate the muscles; thus, muscle cramps, spasms, twitching and even seizures can result. Restless Leg Syndrome is related to a magnesium deficiency.

Tags: magnesium deficiency, calcium atoms, calcium magnesium, central nervous, central nervous system, magnesium depletion, magnesium pituitary

Prevent Tenosynovitis

Tenosynovitis is any inflammation of a tendon and its sheath, usually those that move the wrist and fingers. It may be caused by overuse, infection or trauma and commonly results in a loss of the full range of motion in the affected joint. The following steps will show prevent tenosynovitis.

Instructions

1. Warm up gradually. This is most important when you will be making extremely rapid repetitive movements, as in playing a guitar. Stretch and loosen the tendons gently, then perform basic finger exercises and slowly increase your playing speed.

2. Rest frequently if possible when making repetitive movements, especially with the hands. Overuse of the extremities is probably the single most common cause of tenosynovitis. Apply ice to these joints during your break. This can decrease swelling and increase the blood supply to the related muscles and other tissues.

3. Secure the joint to reduce the strain on the tendons as much as possible. In the case of tenosynovitis caused by keyboard use, this would mean a cushion along the base of a keyboard on which to rest the wrists.

4. Use special keyboards. Keyboards specifically designed to reduce the strain on your wrists while typing are now readily available. Many of them also have a wrist cushion already attached.

5. Adjust your seat height and wrist position if needed. Your goal should be to type with the least amount of tension on your wrists as possible. Your hands should therefore hang from your wrists in a relaxed manner rather than supporting your hands with your wrist tendons.

Tags: your wrists, reduce strain, repetitive movements

First Symptoms Of A Brain Tumor

A brain tumor can originate from cells within the brain itself, or the cells can travel from other parts of the body. To diagnose a brain tumor, a doctor will use a physical examination, a neurological examination that is designed to evaluate how the brain is functioning, a blood test and an imaging test such as an MRI or a CT scan.

Identification

The effects of a brain tumor can vary depending on where the tumor is located. There are many symptoms of a brain tumor that are common to all forms of the condition because of the general pressure applied to the brain from a tumor. There are two types of brain tumors: malignant and benign. A malignant tumor is cancerous and a benign tumor is not. In many cases, the determination as to whether the tumor is benign or malignant must wait until the tumor is surgically removed.

Effects

One of the more common early symptoms of a brain tumor is a headache. The headache will usually be the strongest when the person wakes up in the morning, and in the early stages it will come and go during the course of the day. As the tumor grows the headaches will become more frequent and more painful. Another early symptom that is stronger in the morning is nausea. The person may wake in the morning feeling so nauseous that she has to vomit. As with the headaches, the nausea will become more intense as the tumor grows.

Potential

Some of the early effects of a brain tumor can be behavioral and can become apparent to others but not necessarily to the person suffering from the tumor. One of these early psychological symptoms are wide mood swings. The person could be laughing hysterically one moment and then crying a few minutes later. These mood swings become more unpredictable over time. People also tend to change their general attitude and behavior when suffering from a brain tumor. They may become anxious, angry or generally difficult to deal with. These are the sorts of symptoms that become evident to others without becoming evident to the person suffering them.

Prevention/Solution

Treating a brain tumor is a delicate procedure. The most common treatment is the surgical removal of the tumor. In some cases, this may not be possible because the location of the tumor would make surgery too difficult. In these cases chemotherapy medication or radiation therapy may be used. It is possible that the location of the tumor makes it terminal to the patient because it cannot be moved but yet it continues to grow.

Considerations

A tumor that grows in the brain will cause pressure on the brain. The brain is protected by the skull, and any additional material that tries to grow between the brain and the skull will put pressure on the brain. In some cases, it is the tumor itself that puts pressure on the brain, in other cases the tumor causes fluid to build up between the brain and the skull. The fluid build-up can be a critical situation that would require emergency surgery as there is fluid constantly flowing around the brain and the brain can only sustain so much pressure before the situation becomes fatal.

Tags: brain tumor, become more, pressure brain, benign malignant, between brain, between brain skull, brain brain

Benign Adrenal Tumor

Benign adrenal tumors, known as pheochromocytomas, usually affect adults between 30 and 60 years of age, according to the University of Maryland Medical Center. These noncancerous tumors, which occur rarely, can be successfully treated.

Significance

Pheochromocytomas release the adrenal hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine, which regulate blood pressure and heart rate. Excessive amounts of these hormones can lead to serious conditions requiring medical attention.

Symptoms

Pheochromocytomas usually cause high blood pressure. Other symptoms that might occur include clammy skin, palpitations, nausea, rapid pulse, emotional stress, headache and vomiting.

Diagnosis

A diagnosis can be made based on abnormalities detected in a computed tomography (CT) scan or a radioisotope scan of the adrenal gland. Blood and urine tests can measure hormone levels to determine how much epinephrine and norepinephrine are present.

Treatment

Prescription medications can be used to control high blood pressure. Tumors smaller than 5cm can be removed with minimally invasive surgery. Larger tumors will require a bigger incision in the back or the abdomen.

Warning

Pheochromocytomas can be cancerous, or malignant, in rare cases and spread to other organs. Treatment options for these tumors include chemotherapy and radiation therapy.

Tags: blood pressure, epinephrine norepinephrine, high blood, high blood pressure

Start A Lactose Free Diet

Studies show that up to 70 percent of adults across the globe are lactose intolerant, lacking sufficient amounts of the enzyme, lactase, to break down lactose, a type of sugar found in milk. There are many, many reasons to start a lactose free diet. Besides the fact that eating dairy products is now associated with everything from diabetes and cancer to heart disease and high blood pressure, cutting out milk if you are sensitive to dairy or lactose can reduce or eliminate objectionable digestive problems including diarrhea, gas, abdominal cramps and bloating. Whether you are lactose intolerant, allergic to dairy or dairy sensitive, or if you just don’t believe humans should drink the milk intended for rapidly growing baby cows, read on.

Instructions

1. Educate yourself. Lactose is a component of all dairy products, including milk, butter, cheese and cream. Lactose is also in all variations of dairy products like ice cream, buttermilk, sour cream, yogurt, evaporated milk, lactose-reduced milk, acidophilus milk and many drink mixes, such as hot cocoa mix or instant breakfast drinks.

2. Beware of hidden sources of lactose. These can include pasta sauces with cheese or cream in them, baked goods, packaged foods, creamed or breaded vegetables, muffins, pancakes, instant cereals, dips, salad dressings, puddings, breaded meats, some luncheon meats, drink mixes, crackers, soups, dressings and dips, frozen foods and prepared meals. Always read nutrition labels to keep lactose out of your diet.

3. Focus on the positive. Try not to think about what foods you cannot have and instead enjoy tasting new foods you might not have tried if it were not for the need or want to avoid lactose. For example, there are some amazing soy ice creams out there, which are also lower in saturated fat and cholesterol than their dairy counterparts are, and are just as rich and creamy. Experiment with cheese alternatives; many made from rice, soy or almonds melt just like dairy versions. Soymilk, almond milk and oat milk are available in plain varieties, as well as many tasty flavors such as chocolate strawberry, chai or even Irish cream.

4. Be creative. Look for new twists on old favorites. Use cashews to make foods creamy. Blend up macadamia nuts with some agave nectar or other healthy sweetener for a rich and delicious “whipped cream.” Make creamy salad dressings using blended nuts or avocado. Dairy-free brownies, cakes and cookies are amazing and moist.

5. Be resourceful. The Internet is full of resources for lactose-free diets, but don’t stop there. Search for vegan recipes all over the web. By definition, a vegan diet is free of all meat and dairy products, and there are a plethora of vegan resources and recipes available at your fingertips.

6. Try vegan, vegetarian or raw food restaurants. At vegan or raw food restaurants, enjoy the fun of ordering anything on the menu without worrying a bit about whether something will contain lactose. Even the “cheese” and “ice cream” will be lactose free. Vegetarian or vegetarian-friendly restaurants might serve dairy products, but are often sensitive to vegan diets as well, and typically have a variety of dairy free options or are willing to keep the dairy out of the order.

Tags: dairy products, cheese cream, drink mixes, food restaurants, lactose intolerant, salad dressings, with cheese

Relief For A Broken Tailbone

Coccyx

A broken tailbone (coccyx), the pain of which is called coccydynia, can be an extremely painful condition, though thankfully one that doesn't require invasive treatment for pain management or correction.

The Coccyx

The coccyx is the final segment of the vertebral column and the remnants of a vestigial tale. It comprises four very small bones fused together and serves as support for a sitting person.

Treatment

Because the fracture usually resolves on its own, the best form of treatment is simply the careful management of pain until it can heal. A manual alignment of the bone is unnecessary, as the muscles are typically strong enough to pull the bone back into alignment.

Manual Pain Management

The best way to manage the pain of a broken tailbone is to prevent the application of any pressure to the area. To avoid pain while sitting, the use of an air cushion or donut pad is recommended. If carrying around a cushion is not feasible, there are a variety of ways to minimize pressure on the tailbone without the use of one.

When sitting, slouching forward or sitting perfectly straight focuses pressure off the tailbone area and onto the buttocks, alleviating the pain. Using a hard chair can help, as sinking into a soft one can increase the pressure put on the coccyx.

If pain occurs during bowel movements, eating a diet high in fiber, drinking lots of water and using stool softeners can aid in relieving pressure in the area.

Drug Treatment

If manual treatments don't work, an injection of anti-inflammatory drugs around the coccyx might help alleviate the pain. The injection is performed by an orthopedic specialist, often as the initial treatment.

A regular but controlled regimen of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen, naproxen and aspirin can help alleviate the pain and inflammation caused by a broken tailbone. These can be found in pill form or a topical cream, and usually require a stronger dosage to relieve the pain.

As with all drug regimens, it is wise to consult a doctor before beginning one, as prolonged use of any pain medication can lead to more serious conditions, such as bleeding in the stomach, peptic ulcers and kidney failure.

Food Treatment

Some foods possess anti-inflammatory characteristics and can be used as a successful treatment for tailbone pain. Fish oil extract, flax oil and cherry juice all have an anti-inflammatory effect, though ingesting too much fish oil can cause an overdose of Vitamin A.

Surgery

If pain cannot be controlled by manual methods, sometimes surgery (coccygectomy) to remove the coccyx is recommended. This procedure, however, is rarely performed, and should only be used as a last resort.

Tags: alleviate pain, anti-inflammatory drugs, broken tailbone, coccyx pain, help alleviate, help alleviate pain

What Is A Pet Scan For Lymph Nodes

A PET scan, or positron emission tomography, is often used in the identification of certain cancers. While there are many scans available to physicians, PET scans are often more accurate in identifying cancers as they can detect what kind of activity is taking place within a tumor's cells and determine whether it is benign or malignant. PET scans are particularly useful in assessing lymph nodes and in the treatment of lymphomas, both primary and secondary.

Function

A PET scan is often used in the identification of cancerous tumors. PET scans differ from other scans, such as X-rays, as they do not take photographs of the tumor; instead, a PET scan analyzes cell activity and diagnoses cancers based on the high activity within a cancerous cell. A physician will order a PET scan to analyze the lymph nodes if one or several nodes are under suspicion of being cancerous.

Preparation

A PET scan is usually performed on an outpatient basis. It's a rather simple procedure, from the patient's perspective, and the only requirement is to refrain from eating or drinking for 6 hours prior to the time of the scheduled scan.

Process

The patient receives an injection of radioactive glucose, also known as FDG. This takes 45 minutes to distribute throughout the body; it will be absorbed internally, by either the organ or tissue being studied (in this instance, the lymph node or nodes) and will provide the necessary information for the radiologist to interpret the scan. After the radioactive glucose is given time to distribute, the patient empties his bladder. The ensuing PET scan takes approximately 30 to 60 minutes.

Expert Insight

Since the PET scan is performed as an outpatient basis, the patient is usually free to return home after it is finished. PET scan patients should drink plenty of fluids throughout the rest of the day to help flush the radioactive glucose from the body.

Results

After review by a radiologist, PET scan results are generally forwarded to the patient's primary care physician, or the physician who ordered the scan, within 48 hours. It is best to for the patient to follow up with his doctor to receive a timely report.

Tags: radioactive glucose, lymph nodes, often used, often used identification, outpatient basis, performed outpatient

Types Of Johnson & Johnson Lap Bands

A division of Johnson & Johnson manufactures the Realize Adjustable Gastric Band, also known as the Realize Band, for the purpose of promoting healthy and consistent weight loss in morbidly obese patients. The band is placed around the upper portion of the stomach using laparoscopic surgery. The minimally-invasive surgery, combined with the fact that the body's digestive system is not altered, makes the Realize band a popular choice for some bariatric patients.

A woman measures her stomach with measuring tape

History

The original Realize band was developed and launched by Obtech Medical of Switzerland in the 1980s. At that time, the band was placed around the stomach using open surgery, but as laparoscopic surgery evolved, the band itself was modified to allow for better placement using laparoscopic techniques. The band's patent was purchased by Ethicon Endo-Surgery, a division of Johnson & Johnson, in 2002, and has been refined since then to improve both safety and performance. In 2007, the Food and Drug Administration approved the Realize Band for use in the United States.

Realize Band

The Realize Adjustable Gastric Band is unique in that it can be adjusted to increase or decrease the amount of restriction on the patient's stomach. More of a restriction reduces the amount of food the patient can eat, while less restriction allows the patient to eat more. When initially placed around the stomach during surgery, the band remains unfilled in order to allow the body to adjust to the band and recover from the surgery.

The Realize Band is made of flexible silicone, and its adjustable design allows it to accommodate various body sizes. The band is lined with a low pressure, smooth inner balloon that has a 360 degree fill capacity. The band's fill volume is 9cc, or 1.8 tsp.

Patient studies have shown that the Realize band has a slippage rate of less than 3 percent, and an erosion rate of less than 1 percent, according to bariatric.us, an online resource for bariatric surgery information.

Realize Band-C

The Realize Band-C features most of the components that make up the original Realize Band, with some added adjustment range and a wider width, which makes it suitable for use in larger patients and less likely to slip. Realize Band-C also offers some innovative features that make it easier to maneuver and place during surgery.

The Realize Band-C is also made out of strong, flexible silicone, and provides a fill capacity that is 14 percent greater than the original Realize Band's.

Realize Band-C was approved by the FDA in October 2008, and patient placements began in November 2008.

Benefits

Morbidly obese patients who opt for the Realize Band can expect to achieve weight loss that is safe, consistent and effective. Patients in three-year clinical trials lost a mean of 40 percent of excess weight in one year. Studies have shown that over 40 percent of patients resolve high blood pressure and type 2 diabetes, 78 percent of patients see an improvement in cholesterol, and close to 95 percent of patients resolve obstructive sleep apnea, according to Realize.com, the manufacturer's website.

Risks

The Realize Band has the potential to cause complications during and after surgery. Band slippage, band erosion, port displacement and disconnection, band leakage, port-site infection, gastroesophageal reflux disease and esophageal spasms are all potential risks that must be considered if you are thinking about using the Realize Band, according to Realize.com. General bariatric and abdominal surgery risks include bleeding, pain, vomiting, nausea, stomach stretching, heart enlargement, infection, complications due to medication, heart attack, stroke and death.

Tags: Realize Band, Realize Band-C, Johnson Johnson, original Realize, percent patients

Know What To Expect After A Root Canal

Know What to Expect After a Root Canal

Root canals are among the most dreaded dental experiences. Unfortunately, their reputation has overshadowed just how helpful they can be. They're one of the most common ways dentists save rotten teeth. They are undoubtedly painful, however, and the post-operational period is no picnic.

Instructions

1. Expect the tooth to be tender and sore. The discomfort varies from patient to patient, but you'll probably want to have some sort of painkillers on hand to help with the pain. Over-the-counter drugs like Ibuprofen or Advil are good choices, or your dentist might recommend something stronger.

2. Avoid chewing with the tooth until your dentist says it's OK. Root canal procedures are often done over multiple sessions, making any tooth that hasn't been fully repaired vulnerable to cracking and breaking.

3. Keep an eye on the tooth after it's been repaired. Even though it was carefully cleaned and repaired by your dentist, cracks in the enamel or other structural weaknesses can lead to reinfection.

4. Know that the repaired tooth will be capped with a crown. This helps to protect the weakened tooth from damage.

5. Continue to brush and floss regularly after your operation. Proper oral hygiene is very important to maintaining the health of your mouth, and it will help your repaired tooth to heal.

6. Be aware that some root canals fail. For one reason or another, about 5 percent of all procedures don't completely repair the pain and discomfort associated with the preoperational tooth.

Tags: your dentist, After Root, After Root Canal, Expect After, Expect After Root, Know What

Cream Of Tartar Alternatives

Cream of tartar is an acidic white powder derived from the sediment left after the wine making process. If combined with baking soda, cream of tartar becomes baking powder. It is used to add creaminess and volume to foods or to stabilize a recipe. If you don't have cream of tartar on hand,

try these alternatives to cream of tartar the next time you find yourself in a pinch.

Recipe Substitutions

The standard substitution for cream of tartar is to replace 1/2 teaspoon of cream of tartar with 1 1/2 teaspoons of lemon juice or vinegar (or the equivalent of 3 times the amount of cream of tartar specified in the recipe).

With Egg Whites

If you are beating eggs whites and the recipe calls for the addition of cream of tartar, white vinegar can be used as a substitute at the ratio of approximately 1/8 teaspoon per egg white.

Leavening

If a recipe calls for both cream of tartar and baking soda, just use baking powder instead, as it combines both ingredients.

Tags: cream tartar, cream tartar, baking powder, baking soda, recipe calls

Transfer Nursing Homes

If it is necessary to place a loved one in a nursing home or to transfer that person to a different nursing home, make sure you have thoroughly researched the home. Medicare.gov can provide you with a listing of nursing homes in your area. They have a checklist of items that you should consider before placing anyone in a nursing home. While some homes are good, others can be neglectful and dangerous places. Even with research, you may not be satisfied with the home you selected. If so, you can transfer your loved one to a different home.

Instructions

1. Check the nursing homes in your area. It is better if the nursing home is near family and friends so that regular visitors will see your loved one.

2. Compare the quality of the nursing homes. Medicare developed a Five-Star Quality Rating system that rates health inspection results, staff and quality measures. Health inspection refers to all aspects of care the residents receive. This covers 180 items. Staffing tells you how many staff members there are per resident, and quality refers to if the staff provides a good quality of life.

3. Visit the nursing home. If you are making these arrangements out of state, arrange for someone to pre-screen the homes for you. Even though Medicare may have given a home a high rating, it is best to visit it yourself. Bring a checklist with you and be confident that the nursing home you are considering transferring your loved one to meets the criteria. There is a reason you are transferring your loved one. You do not want the same problem to occur again, because it can be hard on the patient to transfer homes.

4. Choose a home. Once you have found a home that you like, contact them to make sure they have an available bed. If not, they may put you on a waiting list. They will notify you when the bed is available and either they or you will notify the present facility of the transfer. An ambulance will move the patient.

5. Be there or have someone else be there for the move. You can make sure all the belongings are there. Sometimes, personal belongings get "lost" in nursing homes, particularly during the moving process. If you are there, you may be able to locate these items. Then, after the transfer, you can help set up your loved in the new facility. Having you or another family member or friend there helps the patient with the transfer.

Tags: nursing home, your loved, make sure, homes your, homes your area, nursing homes

Identify Symptoms Of Laxative Abuse

Laxative abuse is caused by misuse or overuse of laxatives for a number of reasons. Some individuals use laxatives to lose weight, while others believe they don't think they can eliminate without them. The use of laxatives for weight control is considered abuse. This condition is often found among individuals suffering from eating disorders such as bulimia or binge eating. Laxative abuse is most common in young adults and older adults. The condition affects the gastrointestinal system and may lead to system damage. The weight effect of laxatives is due to water loss and is not permanent. Learning to recognize the signs and symptoms of laxative abuse may help to prevent damage to the digestive tract and break dependency.

Instructions

1. Suffering from bouts of chronic constipation or diarrhea are common signs that laxatives are not being used properly. Laxatives should not be used on a regular basis. Gas and bloating are additional symptoms that the digestive system is not on track.

2. Believing that an individual cannot eliminate a bowel movement without the use of a laxative is another key indication that they are being misused. Chronic use of laxatives promote dehydration, which makes elimination even more difficult.

3. Cramping and shaking muscles are an indication that the body is suffering from dehydration caused by electrolyte imbalances. Tremors and spasms may also occur.

4. Bleeding into stools is another symptom of laxative abuse, caused by the drying out of the intestinal tract caused by the constipation-inducing effects of the laxitive. This may cause damage to nerve endings in the colon that results in infection.

5. Vomiting or an overwhelming sense of nausea are signs that the body is attempting to rid itself of toxins or substances that it deems harmful. Individuals experiencing this or any of the above symptoms should seek help from a physician for advice.

Tags: abuse caused, indication that, Laxative abuse, laxative abuse, signs that, suffering from

Neck Muscle Injuries

Neck muscle injuries frequently result from sudden extension or flexion of the neck or whiplash. The soft tissue injury is to intervertebral joints, discs and ligaments, cervical muscles and nerve roots. Neck pain may be immediate or delayed. Symptoms are neck stiffness, headache, dizziness, abnormal sensations, burning, prickling, or shoulder pain, back pain or broken ribs. Cognitive, somatic or psychological distress, memory loss, concentration impairment, nervousness, irritability, sleep disturbances, fatigue or depression may occur.

Function

Neck muscle injuries are complicated because neck muscles cover nerves originating at the seven cervical vertebrae. If neck muscles spasm and constrict nerves to the brain, dizziness, allergies and headaches result. Neck muscles cover cervical nerves to all your vital organs.

Neck muscles flex, tilt and rotate the head, raise the sternum during breathing, perform all functions of the mouth, open and close the mandible, or lower jaw, and elevate the hyoid bone for swallowing. The upper cervical spine consists of the Atlas, (C1) and the Axis, (C2) at the top of the neck. Vital nerves in this area control a variety of body functions.

Sternocleidomastoid Muscle

The sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscle extends vertically up the side of the neck. The SCM muscle is attached under the back of the ear and to the middle of the chest where the clavical attaches to the sternum. The sternocleidomastoid muscle tilts and rotates the head to the opposite side of the body. Acting with other muscles it flexes the neck and raises the sternum during breathing.

Injury to the SCM muscle produces headaches, facial palsy, sinus trouble, allergies, fatigue, crossed eyes or dizziness. Neck muscle injuries to the top of the neck or to the muscles from the first two cervical vertebrae cause difficulty swallowing and may damage vocal cords or cause temporary difficulty speaking.

Trapezius

The upper part of the trapezius muscle is prone to whiplash injuries. The middle part of the trapezius muscle is aggravated by slouching. The lower part of the trapezius is strained by leaning forward for long periods of time. Chronic trapezius muscle pain is called myalgia and is relieved by exercises. Extra weight strains the neck muscles and affects posture.

Splenius and Multifidi

The Splenius muscles attach to the neck and the head. They are strained by holding the neck in a forward position for prolonged periods. These muscles are aggravated by lack of sleep and temperature.

Semispinalis and Multifidi are aggravated by reading, writing, driving and other activities that involve poor neck posture. Massage, heat and neck exercises usually soothe these muscles.

Treatment

Back spasms and strains require rest, ice on the affected area and a medical evaluation. After the first 24 hours, heat should be applied to the affected area.

Treatment for neck muscle injuries may be pain medication, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, antidepressants, muscle relaxants and a cervical collar for two to three weeks. Range of motion exercises, physical therapy and chiropractic treatment may be necessary. Supplemental heat application may relieve muscle tension.

The chiropractor applies muscle stimulation and ultrasound to stretch or relax tense muscles. The chiropractor recommends exercises to improve the functioning of the neck muscles. Recovery may take years. Prolonged use of muscle relaxants is not recommended because muscle relaxants weaken normal muscle tension necessary to support and move the head.

Biofeedback

Biofeedback from a computer with electromagnetic pads on the head, shoulders, chest and extremities monitors muscle tension, body temperature, pulse and electrocardio output. Turning out lights reduces muscle tension. Progressive relaxation technique is systematically tensing and relaxing groups of muscles to improve functioning. Deep breathing from the diaphragm relaxes the shoulders. Imagery relaxation with prehypnotic tapes deeply relaxes muscles.

Tags: muscle injuries, muscle tension, muscle relaxants, part trapezius, trapezius muscle, affected area

Natural Hormone Replacement Therapy For Pms

Premenstrual syndrome, or PMS, has been a long misunderstood affliction. Affecting on average three out of every four women roughly two weeks before the onset of their monthly cycles, PMS can manifest itself in the forms of breast tenderness, irritability, fatigue, depression, low blood sugar (which causes food cravings), emotional oversensitivity and mood swings. There is currently no treatment for PMS, but therapy including natural hormone replacement shows promise.

What Causes PMS?

Experts have recently speculated that PMS is caused when the levels of the female hormone progesterone fall out of balance with estrogen, causing a domino effect in the balances of other chemicals in the brain such as serotonin, which is responsible for the regulation of blood sugar and mood, norepinephrine, which is also a mood regulator, gamma-aminobuyric acid (commonly referred to as GABA), which helps regulate feelings of tranquility and anxiety, and endorphins, widely known as the "feel good" chemical. The extent to which these chemicals are altered varies with the individual, which is why PMS seems to affect some women more than others.

How Can I Alleviate the Symptoms of PMS Using Natural Hormone Therapy?

Because it's suspected that PMS is caused by a raised level of estrogen about two weeks before a woman's monthly cycle begins, it makes sense to assume that shoring up these levels will eradicate PMS symptoms. This is the belief of Holly Anderson, founder of the leading PMS research facility in the country, The Premenstrual Syndrome Medical Clinic in Arcadia, Calif.

According to her website, "Premenstrual Syndrome is a condition of estrogen dominance-progesterone deficiency. It occurs in the two weeks before the period and goes away when the period is over. 150 emotional and physical symptoms can occur. Symptoms may include headaches, migraines, menstrual cramps, depression, irritability, fatigue, emotional outbursts, low blood sugar, rage, out of control behavior, dizziness, decreased resistance to infection and epileptic seizures. An underactive thyroid is commonly an underlying disorder that is present."

Over-the-counter progesterone creams that have "progesterone USP" printed on the label are as effective as prescription-strength progesterone and have been shown to significantly reduce the symptoms of PMS, particularly the weight gain many women experience in the weeks before their cycle begins.

Tags: weeks before, blood sugar, cycle begins, irritability fatigue, Premenstrual Syndrome, that caused

Do Physio Ball Back Exercises

Using a physio ball is a great treatment option for people who suffer from back pain. It is also designed to prevent future episodes of back pain and is often used in rehabilitation. Physio balls help to strengthen the body’s core muscles, which help to stabilize the spine.

Instructions

Do Physio Ball Back Exercises

1. Sit back on your knees. Place the ball out in front of you. Stretch your arms out in front of you and place your hands palms-down on the ball.

2. Tilt the ball to the left. Stretch out your sides and lower back. Hold for 30 to 60 seconds, then release to the middle.

3. Tilt the ball to the right. Again stretching your sides and lower back, hold the position for 30 to 60 seconds, then release to the middle.

4. Place the ball in front of you. Lay your body over top of the ball with it resting primarily under your belly. Place your toes on the floor behind the ball. Try to stabilize your body so that you can control your movement on the ball.

5. Put your hands behind your head and crunch forward. Be sure to tighten your abs while doing these exercises. Don't lock your joints, as this will cause instability and possible injury. To get more out of the exercise, you can hold the position when coming up from the ball. This will provide a greater stretch to the upper abdominals and the lower back.

6. Place the ball in front of you while sitting cross-legged. Grab the ball and hold it straight out in front of you for 30 to 60 seconds, or in 10-second intervals. Be aware of your posture and make sure that your back is nice and straight.

Tags: ball front, lower back, Place ball, Place ball front, Back Exercises, back pain

The Effect Of Nitrogen On Respiration

Nitrogen is a significant part of the atmosphere.

Nitrogen makes up nearly four-fifths of the atmosphere. It has no color, odor or taste, and under normal conditions, it’s largely inert. Yet the gas significantly affects respiration, sometimes through its very inertness and sometimes through its effect on the body. Other organisms even respire nitrogen itself.

Diluting Oxygen

Doctors administer pure oxygen to patients who need it, but prolonged exposure produces oxygen toxicity, causing alveoli to collapse and fluid to collect in the lungs. High oxygen levels also damage other organs, including the kidneys. Nitrogen’s presence reduces the proportion of oxygen in the air, preventing the harmful effects of breathing undiluted oxygen.

Hypoxia

Elevated nitrogen levels, though, excessively crowd out oxygen. This causes hypoxia or, when no oxygen at all reaches tissues, anoxia. Cerebral hypoxia--when insufficient oxygen reaches the brain--causes inattentiveness, memory loss and decreased motor coordination.

After long periods with increased nitrogen in the air, the body produces extra red blood cells. The athletic community began noticing this phenomenon at Mexico City’s 1968 Olympics, which took place at over 7,000 feet above sea level. Most participants performed unusually poorly, but local competitors performed well. Athletes now sometimes live at high altitudes till their bodies adapt, increasing their speed and endurance at normal oxygen levels.

Nitrogen Narcosis

Though a relatively inert gas, nitrogen affects bodies that absorb it. At depths of at least 100 feet, divers who breathe compressed air absorb nitrogen as well as oxygen, leading to nitrogen narcosis. The nitrogen intoxicates them, impairing judgment and encouraging dangerous behavior. Divers describe this mild euphoria as similar to the effects of alcohol or Valium, referring to narcosis as "rapture of the deep" or "the martini effect." Ascending from the water reverses narcosis fully.

Decompression Sickness

Nitrogen threatens divers while underwater, but ascending quickly poses its own risks. When pressure acting on divers quickly drops, dissolved nitrogen forms bubbles in blood. Symptoms include joint pain, muscle pain, itching, weakness and dizziness. Decompression also affects breathing, congesting the lungs and causing coughing and choking. This can kill the sufferer. To prevent decompression sickness, also known as "the bends," divers ascend slowly, taking frequent breaks.

Nitrogen Respiration

Despite all the ways nitrogen affects oxygen respiration, some organisms respire using nitrogen itself. Denitrifying bacteria metabolize nitrogen oxides. They convert nitrite salts to nitric oxide gas, and other bacteria convert this gas to nitrogen and oxygen. A different variety of bacteria reverse this process, metabolizing nitrogen and ammonium salts.

Tags: nitrogen affects, nitrogen itself, Nitrogen Respiration, oxygen levels, oxygen reaches

Design A Substance Abuse Treatment Program

Recovery from substance abuse requires peer support and a willingness to face difficult issues. Developing a program of recovery for others demands knowledge of that process and patience and dedication for working with people who, as a general rule, underestimate the seriousness of their disease.

Instructions

Design and Implement Policies and Procedures

1. Decide whether the program will be outpatient or inpatient. Inpatient, or residential, programs have the highest success rate, but they are usually reserved for those who have failed previous outpatient treatment. In outpatient programs the client has a safe home environment and is required to attend daytime educational classes as well as one-on-one sessions with counselors who are usually professionally trained and certified. Inpatient facilities generally hire staff that have gone through the program themselves and may or may not be professionally trained. Some states require a process of certification but have pathways to "Grandfather" in those who have extensive experience.

2. Keep records. Individual client charts include treatment plans, progress notes, admission questionnaires and consent forms. They must adhere to laws pertaining to the privacy of medical records. Treatment planning is done by client and staff together to clarify long-term goals of treatment, such as "Work steps 1 through 3 with a sponsor by 30 days." Staff assists and encourages clients and stays alert to the need for case management in regard to other agencies, such as legal or social service or medical providers. Staff should tie progress notes to treatment plans.

3. Plan a curriculum. Providing extensive subjective and objective education about addictive disease will help clients break through denial. A good program can be based around 12-step meetings that are not affiliated with the program but are held on-site. Other curriculum might include group discussions, book studies, videos or speakers. Recovery planning asks the client to set short-term measurable goals for themselves; for example, "I will journal every evening."

4. Assemble Policies and Procedures. Written instructions and handouts for each group, as well as original forms belong in this notebook. Policies are guidelines that the program follows when dealing with all aspects of client recovery, such as a discharge policy that states under what circumstances a client may be asked to leave and plan discharge upon client completion of the program. Most states also have laws governing Substance Abuse Treatment Programs that should be available for quick reference.

Administration policies need to be written, such as hiring policies that may require staff members to have at least two years clean and sober. A list of emergency numbers and outside contractors should be organized and accessible. Policy and Procedure manuals need to be frequently reviewed and updated.

5. Plan for expansion. Ways to increase opportunities for clients to expand their network of support also strengthens a program. Outreach allows clients to give back and support prevention efforts. Alumni associations provide on-going support for graduates as well as a pool of those willing to help new clients.

Tags: Abuse Treatment, help clients, Policies Procedures, professionally trained, progress notes, Substance Abuse, Substance Abuse Treatment

Side Effects Of The Birth Control Ring

The birth control ring is a small, flexible ring that a woman inserts into her vagina once a month to prevent pregnancy. The ring is sold under the name NuvaRing and, like birth control pills, contains the hormones estrogen and progestin. Although most women experience few, if any, side effects while using the birth control ring, others experience essentially the same side effects caused by other combination hormonal methods.

Function

The birth control ring works by releasing small amounts of hormones that are absorbed by the vaginal walls. These hormones prevent ovulation by fooling the body into thinking it is pregnant. The ring offers two advantages over traditional birth control methods -- a lower overall dose of hormones, and once-monthly dosing. Because the dose of hormones is lower than that used in traditional combination contraceptives, side effects are less common with this method. However, since the ring must be kept in the vagina for three of every four weeks, side effects sometimes occur as a result of the ring's placement.

Effects

The most common side effects associated with the birth control ring are increased vaginal discharge, breast tenderness, nausea and vomiting, and bleeding or "spotting" between periods. These side effects usually disappear after two to three months of use. Other side effects that occur in people who are using the ring for birth control include weight gain, depression, decreased sex drive, vaginal irritation and vaginal infections.

Benefits

Combination hormonal birth control methods, including the birth control ring, can cause side effects that are beneficial to the woman who uses them. These include reducing the chance of non-cancerous breast growths, endometrial cancer, ovarian cancer, ectopic pregnancy, pelvic inflammatory disease and iron deficiency anemia. Combination hormonal birth control can also improve acne, reduce pre-menstrual symptoms and relieve vaginal dryness caused by perimenopause.

Significance

Although the vast majority of women who use the birth control ring do not experience serious side effects, it is important to be aware of the increased risk of certain conditions caused by using any combination hormonal method of birth control. Heart attack, stroke, and dangerous blood clots occur more commonly in women who use birth control methods that contain estrogen. Rarely, using hormonal birth control can lead to high blood pressure, gallstones and liver problems. Symptoms of a problem caused by the birth control ring include severe headaches, chest or arm pain, weakness, fainting, painful swelling in the leg, jaundice and difficulty moving one side of the body. Call your physician if you experience any of these symptoms.

Considerations

The birth control ring is similar in function to birth control pills and should not be taken by anyone who cannot take the pill. The risk of serious side effects is much higher in women who are over 35 years old, are very overweight, smoke, have diabetes, have high blood pressure or cholesterol or require prolonged bed rest. Hormones affect women's bodies differently. Some women find that they have fewer side effects when using birth control methods that have higher or lower levels of estrogen or progestin than the ring.

Tags: birth control, side effects, control ring, birth control ring, birth control methods, control methods, birth control

Find An Easypivot Provider

Rand-Scot's EasyPivot machines are designed to make it easier to help move a disabled person from one place to another, such as from a chair to a bed or a wheelchair to a car. A person with limited mobility straps into the machine, and then an assistant moves the handles to help adjust the person's position to sit up or down. They are especially useful in home health care situations, providing leverage when a family member or assistant may not be strong or agile enough to help a disabled person transfer from one position to another. You can obtain an EasyPivot machine after finding a provider.

Instructions

1. Go to the Beyond Barriers website. Type "EasyPivot" in the "Catalog Search" box, and then click "Submit." A page will appear with EasyPivot models for use in home care and rehabilitation, along with prices and descriptions.

2. Visit the Active Mobility Innovations website. Click on the "Manufacturer" pull-down menu and select "Rand-Scot." A list of EasyPivot models will appear, along with their prices. Click on each item's picture to read details and specifications.

3. Go to the Southwest Medical website. Type "EasyPivot" in the "Search" box and then click "Go." You will see a list of various EasyPivot models, with pictures and prices. Click on "View Product Details" for any model to learn more about it.

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Use Supported Backbends In Yoga To Relieve Minor Headaches

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Minor headaches from working at your computer all day or from poor sleep or other reasons can often be relieved by using supported back bending poses in yoga. Supported backbends opens the chest passively to allow the lungs to expand and stretch intercostals muscles in between the ribs to encourage more oxygen into the body. When the body is in a reclining position, this mimics the position for sleep and signals the central nervous system to become calm. Blood moving to the head also can reduce minor headaches.

Instructions

1. Begin by taking a blanket and folding it so it forms a long, thin roll that resembles a pencil more than a sausage. Place the blanket on your mat and lie back on it so that is rests under your shoulders. Bending the knees, set your feet flat on the mat, hips width distance apart.

2. Make certain the blanket is set up so that when you draw your arms overhead to the floor behind you, you feel an obvious lift behind the shoulder blades and upper back. You should feel the backbend in the upper mid-thoracic region. Close the eyes and remain in a gentle, supported backbend for two to five minutes.

3. Roll off the blanket and come up to sit. Proceed to a variation of supta baddha konasana, reclining wide angle pose. Take two blocks for this pose. Sit back on your mat with both legs extended in front of you. Place one block (length-wise) under the bottom tips of your shoulder blades. Sit so that your hips are on the mat and your mid-back is balanced on the yoga block.

4. Lift the head and place the second block (tall) under the base of the head. The blocks become furniture upon which you lie back into a supported backbend. If you feel the edges of the blocks digging uncomfortably into your back or neck, they are not positioned properly. Adjust the blocks until you do not feel the edges.

5. Remain in supta baddha konasana for two to five minutes. To exit the pose, bend your knees and set your feet flat on the mat, your palms flat behind your hips. Lift up from the center of the chest to come up off the blocks. Move the blocks to the side and lie back, hugging the legs into the chest, rolling left to right to massage the low back.

6. Roll off to sit up and move your mat to the wall for the last supported backbend, viparita karani, legs-up-the-wall pose. Take a bolster or stack two thick folded blankets to the wall, setting either the single bolster or the stack of blankets right up against the wall.

7. Sit on the bolster (or blankets) and lie back on it, swinging your heels on the wall. Bend the knees slightly and placing the feet flat on the wall, lift hips so you can push the bolster or blankets up towards your low back.

8. Set your hips now on the mat and heels on the wall. Your bolster (or blankets) should now be under your low back to mid-back--wherever you feel most comfortable. Let the back of your shoulders and head rest on your mat, arms down by your sides, palms turned up.

9. Close the eyes and rest in viparita karani for five to 10 minutes. To exit, drag the heels down the wall into the chest and push the bolster to up under the armpits as you roll to the right side, resting the right side of your body on the bolster. Remain there for a few breaths before coming up to sit.

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Poison Ivy Home Cures

An allergic reaction to poison ivy is a common skin ailment, particularly because most people do not know what poison ivy looks like or that they have even come in contact with it until they are itching later. What's more, many times people are exposed to poison ivy through their pet's fur. Although a serious reaction to poison ivy may require a trip to the doctor, most skin irritations can be treated at home.

First Steps

Whenever you realize you may have come in contact with poison ivy, immediately take a hot shower and try to rinse off as much of the toxic oil from the plant as you can. Wash the clothes you were wearing in hot water. If you still end up with a rash after the shower, it's time to try some home remedies.

Oatmeal, Baking Soda and Vinegar

One of the most common home remedies for poison ivy is the oatmeal and baking soda bath. Run a hot bath and add enough boiled oatmeal to cover the surface of the water. Add half a cup of baking soda to the mix and rest in the water for as long as you want. The oatmeal and baking soda provide relief from the itching and help dry out the oozing from the skin reaction. Once you are out of the bath, sprinkle apple cider vinegar or distilled vinegar over the affected area. This will provide instant relief to the itch and dry out the poison oil from the plant. Never cover the area, though; always leave it open to the air to help dry out the poison.

Further Relief

After you have attempted to dry out as much of the oil and oozing from the irritation as possible, the last step in curing poison ivy is to simply not scratch the wound. Scratching the wound will only irritate the skin more, invite an infection and spread the rash across your entire body. To soothe the itch, take a banana peel and rub it over every affected and itchy part of your body. Aloe vera gel can be substituted for a banana if you do not have one on hand. The peel will cool the area and relieve the itch. According to Chiff.com, some people have even called bananas the "miracle cure" for poison ivy, saying that the peel relieved the irritation when nothing else would.

If you develop severe redness and swelling, you will need to see a doctor immediately, as you may be having a dangerous allergic reaction.

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