Many symptoms of breast cancer end when cancer treatments end, but some people have both physical and psychological side effects for a long time. Others begin to experience delayed side effects long after treatment has ended. No two experiences are exactly the same, but many are similar. There are reasons the symptoms occur and there are treatments for many long-term side effects of breast cancer.
Breasts
Treated breasts can look and feel different. Radiation can cause blood vessels under the skin to dilate, leading to red blotches. The scar can be sore and sensitive, and the breast can swell. The breast may become harder and smaller, and the skin can become itchy, red or darker. Pain can be treated with medication and by wearing a support bra. Some women consider surgery to make the breasts look the same.
Lungs
Radiotherapy can cause cells lining the lungs to become inflamed, hard and thick. Difficulty breathing, chest pain, and a dry cough can develop. Antibiotics for infection, steroids for inflammation, or inhalers to open airways can help.
Fatigue
It's very common for women to feel tired for years after treatment, especially younger women. Health conditions that develop because of treatment can be responsible for fatigue, or health conditions unrelated to the cancer could cause tiredness. Women who feel tired all the time should be checked for heart disease, sleep apnea and problems with the thyroid. If the treatments or cancer are responsible, having a positive attitude, practicing relaxation techniques, exercising, and following an energy-increasing diet can help.
Painful Joints and Muscles
Numbness, aching muscles, and painful joints can occur as a side effect of hormone therapy, chemotherapy or surgery. The arm on the side the breast was operated on can swell. Radiotherapy can damage nerves going into the arm. Depression can cause joints and muscles to be painful. The shoulder can become difficult to use. Relaying all side effects to the doctor is very important. Medication can be prescribed along with massage therapy, acupuncture, physical therapy and accupressure.
Sexuality
Women experience a variety of sexual problems, including decreased sexual interest, dryness, painful intercourse and fear of rejection. These can be side effects of treatment, but it can also be worry over the change in body image. Women who experience excessive sweating or hot flashes may have begun menopause early as a side effect of hormone therapy or chemotherapy.
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