There are specific foods to eat with Type 2 diabetes that can prevent symptoms and reduce the need for medication. Treatment plans for Type 2 diabetics include diet and exercise. The purpose of both is to maintain normal blood glucose levels. When blood glucose levels become too high it is called hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia causes many of the complications associated with Type 2 diabetes.
Carbohydrates
A diet low in carbohydrates has been effective in treating Type 2 diabetes. Dr. Richard Bernstein, a diabetic, has developed a diet to treat his patients and himself (see References below). He suggests 30 grams of carbs each day to be eaten in specific quantities at each meal. While drastic and difficult for many to maintain, the idea of limiting carbohydrates has helped people control blood glucose levels. Carbohydrates are a necessary part of the diet because they provide fuel for the brain. Reduce them to a level that is comfortable and only with a physician's supervision. Choose complex carbohydrates, such as vegetables and whole grains, over simple ones like sugar. Limit portion sizes on carbohydrates with high glycemic index (blood glucose response).
Food Choices
The foods to eat with Type 2 diabetes are nutrient dense. Eat lean beef, chicken and fish and avoid saturated fats to keep cholesterol levels normal. This is important because Type 2 diabetics are at an increased risk for heart disease and strokes. Oat bran and fiber-rich foods help regulate insulin and glucose. The largest portion of a meal should be non-starchy vegetables. Include spinach, greens, broccoli, carrots, green beans and tomatoes in the diet. Eat and cook with fresh vegetables whenever possible, with frozen as an alternative. Canned vegetables often have salt added and sodium should be limited. Fruits, yogurt and hard-boiled eggs are good snack choices. Avoid eating sugary treats and drinks as much as possible. An occasional dessert is fine. Consume alcohol in moderation and be aware of how it affects blood glucose levels.
Calories
Type 2 diabetics need to be aware of their caloric intake because of weight. Blood glucose control is better achieved if normal weight is reached and maintained. Eat the appropriate amount of calories each day. If weight loss needs to occur, the amount will be less than it is to maintain weight. Use an online calorie calculator to figure how many calories to consume based on body mass index, age, activity level and goals. Discuss any dietary plans and changes with a health care provider.
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