An overactive bladder is a sudden and involuntary contraction of the bladder muscle. The most common symptoms are frequent, urgent and uncontrollable urination, and this condition often has debilitating social, emotional and psychological effects. It is estimated that one in 11 adults suffers from an overactive bladder, though the condition is most common in the elderly. However, while the elderly are most often affected, it is not considered a normal part of aging, and it can be treated.
Medications
There are two major medications (Oxybutynin and Telterodine) that treat overactive bladder by relaxing the involuntary muscles that control bladder contractions. Some physicians have also been experimenting with Botox to paralyze overactive bladder muscles (see Resources). Estrogen is also considered helpful as a supplementary treatment in postmenopausal women
Kegel Exercises
Kegel exercises are the most well-known treatment for urinary incontinence. However, there are other methods that can be used alone or in conjunction with kegel exercises (see Resources).
Other Therapies
Biofeedback promotes awareness of the pelvic muscles. Vaginal weight training strengthens the vaginal walls through holding small weights inside the vagina. Pelvic floor electrical stimulation uses light shocks to stimulate muscle contraction.
Behavior Modification
Bladder training is used to teach people to resist the urge to urinate. Toileting assistance teaches people to create routines and schedules around voiding and preemptive voiding to prevent leaking.
Barrier Protection
Pads and adult diapers prevent urine from coming into contact with clothing. They also allow the wearer more flexibility and freedom of movement, and are a useful tool in conjunction with medical, mechanical and behavioral therapies.
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