Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder affects 2 to 3 percent of children and adults. There are a great many unknowns surrounding ADHD, but research has made several important discoveries.
Causes of ADHD
Research has shown a decreased electrical activity in frontal areas of the brain of ADHD patients. This area controls the ability to concentrate and control impulses. There is also a reduced blood flow to this area.
Specific Causes
While it is known the decreased electrical activity is the cause of ADHD, it is not clear as to the cause of the decrease. With less electrical activity, less blood flow is required. It is possible the reduced blood flow results in lower electrical activity.
Treatment
ADHD symptoms can be controlled in many patients by stimulants. Stimulants increase the blood flow to the frontal area of the brain, helping the patient concentrate and resist impulsive behavior.
Types
Some patients have ADD, which has the same symptoms as ADHD except for hyperactivity. It is also possible for a patient to have only the hyperactivity element. When the patient has both elements, he is considered to have ADHD.
History
ADHD was long thought to be the result of a brain injury. It was then thought to be the result of a child having survived the influenza outbreak. Only recently was it discovered ADHD is not the result of injury or illness, but a disability caused by a biological condition in the brain. This has greatly changed the treatment and perception of ADHD patients.
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