Melatonin is a hormone that is found in many animals, including humans. Melatonin levels rise and fall during the day and help regulate many functions within the human body. Melatonin acts by binding to and activating special melatonin receptors throughout the body. Melatonin supplements are available in the United States, though over-the-counter sale of this compound is illegal in some countries.
Melatonin Production
Melatonin is produced by the pineal gland, which is a part of the brain outside of the blood-brain barrier.
Effects of Melatonin
Melatonin works to regulate the circadian rhythm by causing drowsiness and lowering the body temperature.
Importance of the Circadian Rhythm
If the circadian rhythm gets disrupted, it may lead to bipolar disorder or other psychological disorders, including some sleep disorders.
Other Health Implications
Disruption of the circadian rhythm due to lowered levels of melatonin can also affect the immune system. There is also evidence that depressed melatonin levels can result in an increased risk of cancer.
Function of Melatonin Supplements
Taking melatonin supplements may help in keeping melatonin levels at a high enough level for normal circadian rhythm function.
Tags: circadian rhythm, body Melatonin, melatonin levels