Gastric Acids and Ulcer Formation
After we consume food, the stomach takes over in the process of breaking the food down for the body to extract nutrients and essentials. Gastric acid is produced by the stomach to digest food and combat the occasional bacteria which could prove detrimental to the body. As this gastric acid contains levels of hydrochloric and other acids, it is necessary to protect the stomach walls with a layer of thick mucus. The mucus acts to not only protect but to neutralize the acid before coming in contact with the stomach cell wall. Ulcers result when the acid permeates through the mucus layer and begins to erode the stomach cell wall creating an irritated pit or hole.
Types of Ulcers
Ulcers formed in the gastric tract is known referred to as a peptic ulcer while ulcer formed in the stomach are termed gastric. Peptic ulcers are the result of helicobacter pylori bacterium. Most bacteria are not equipped to survive the harsh stomach environment. However, H. pylori bacteria can not only live but survive in the mucus layer of the stomach. Acting a a parasite on a host, this bacteria burrows into the mucus layer and produces a type of ammonia which further breaks down the mucus lining. Once the mucus is eroded, stomach acids permeate the opening and erode the stomach lining.
A third type, and more common type of ulcer known as duodenal, are formed in the duodenum.
Clinical Causes of Ulcers
Although a vast majority of gastric ulcers and duodenal ulcers are caused by the presence of H. pylori, many times there are other contributing factors to the development of ulcers. For example, there may be a naturally occurring production of excessive stomach acid which over whelms the mucus lining. The reverse may also hold true in the stomach failing to produce sufficient mucus to coat and protect the stomach wall. The production of excessive stomach acids may also be traced to external factors such as stress which may trigger the production of excess acid. Undesirable levels of acid may be treated by a physician with either over the counter or prescription anti-acids.
Tags: mucus layer, cell wall, erode stomach, excessive stomach, mucus lining, production excessive