The National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR), an agency of the National Institutes of Health, estimates that 80 percent of adults in the United States suffer from periodontal disease at any given time. Also called simply gum disease, the condition can lead to many uncomfortable and unsightly complications if not diagnosed and treated before it progresses.
Origin
When the bacteria in the mouth combines with other substances present, such as saliva and mucus, it becomes part of the plaque that hardens to form tartar. Tartar then hosts even more bacteria, which loosens the tissue supporting the teeth and causes increasingly larger pockets between the teeth and the surrounding gum tissue.
Gingivitis
The first primary stage of periodontal disease is characterized by inflamed gums that are swollen and bleed easily. However, it is reversible with proper oral hygiene because no actual bone or teeth has eroded yet.
Periodontitis
The second primary stage of periodontal disease is an infection that occurs when the bacteria-filled plaque in the mouth causes the gums to recede. Underlying bone and tissue then deteriorate, eventually producing loose and lost teeth.
Prevention
To prevent periodontal disease, brush your teeth twice daily, floss daily, eat a balanced and healthy diet and schedule a dental check-up and cleaning every 6 months. If warning signs like bleeding gums, bad breath or loose teeth occur, consult a dentist as needed.
Risks
Several known risks that can precipitate periodontal disease include diabetes, tobacco use, some medications and stress. People at risk should be particularly diligent about taking care of their teeth and visit dentists regularly.
Tags: periodontal disease, periodontal disease, primary stage, primary stage periodontal, stage periodontal